World map in AD 1691 — territory by country

Frame AD 1691 — world borders from AD 1691 to AD 1695. 111 countries have territory in this frame, and the largest is Tsardom of Russia (≈ 13.70 million km²).

Countries with territory in this frame (111, largest first)

Rank	Country	Area
1	Tsardom of Russia	≈ 13.70 million km²
2	Spanish Empire	≈ 6.51 million km²
3	Qing dynasty	≈ 6.30 million km²
4	Mughal Empire	≈ 3.74 million km²
5	Dzungar Khanate	≈ 3.65 million km²
6	Ottoman Empire	≈ 3.49 million km²
7	Safavid dynasty	≈ 2.62 million km²
8	Kazakh Khanate	≈ 2.21 million km²
9	Tibet	≈ 1.60 million km²
10	Portuguese Empire	≈ 1.07 million km²
11	Swedish Empire	≈ 919 thousand km²
12	Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth	≈ 726 thousand km²
13	Spain	≈ 641 thousand km²
14	First Toungoo Empire	≈ 634 thousand km²
15	Funj Sultanate	≈ 626 thousand km²
16	Ethiopian Empire	≈ 587 thousand km²
17	Kingdom of France	≈ 579 thousand km²
18	Haudenosaunee	≈ 533 thousand km²
19	Denmark–Norway	≈ 521 thousand km²
20	Khanate of Bukhara	≈ 427 thousand km²
21	Tumed	≈ 414 thousand km²
22	Golden Horde	≈ 402 thousand km²
23	Habsburg monarchy	≈ 402 thousand km²
24	Ayutthaya Kingdom	≈ 394 thousand km²
25	Morocco	≈ 385 thousand km²
26	Lan Xang	≈ 375 thousand km²
27	Kingdom of England	≈ 342 thousand km²
28	Kanem–Bornu Empire	≈ 339 thousand km²
29	Tokugawa shogunate	≈ 329 thousand km²
30	Sultanate of Darfur	≈ 294 thousand km²
31	Wadai Sultanate	≈ 280 thousand km²
32	Khmer Empire	≈ 274 thousand km²
33	Dutch Republic	≈ 263 thousand km²
34	Jesuit missions among the Guaraní	≈ 242 thousand km²
35	Holy Roman Empire	≈ 235 thousand km²
36	Joseon	≈ 232 thousand km²
37	English overseas possessions	≈ 221 thousand km²
38	Johor Sultanate	≈ 179 thousand km²
39	Khoshut Khanate	≈ 166 thousand km²
40	Rassid dynasty	≈ 166 thousand km²
41	Kalmyk Khanate	≈ 163 thousand km²
42	Gorkha kingdom	≈ 148 thousand km²
43	Khanate of Khiva	≈ 125 thousand km²
44	Astrakhan Khanate	≈ 125 thousand km²
45	Brandenburg–Prussia	≈ 124 thousand km²
46	New France	≈ 122 thousand km²
47	Zaporozhian Cossacks	≈ 120 thousand km²
48	Trịnh lords	≈ 113 thousand km²
49	Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)	≈ 107 thousand km²
50	Kingdom of Portugal	≈ 101 thousand km²
51	Sloboda Ukraine	≈ 99 thousand km²
52	Nguyễn lords	≈ 95 thousand km²
53	Ya'rubids	≈ 92 thousand km²
54	Kingdom of Mysore	≈ 91 thousand km²
55	Nogai Horde	≈ 83 thousand km²
56	Moldavia	≈ 81 thousand km²
57	Palembang Sultanate	≈ 75 thousand km²
58	Wallachia	≈ 74 thousand km²
59	Sultanate of Brunei (1368–1888)	≈ 69 thousand km²
60	Republic of Venice	≈ 65 thousand km²
61	Banten Sultanate	≈ 64 thousand km²
62	Malacca Sultanate	≈ 59 thousand km²
63	Crimean Khanate	≈ 59 thousand km²
64	Kingdom of Mrauk U	≈ 59 thousand km²
65	Mataram Sultanate	≈ 55 thousand km²
66	Madurai Nayak dynasty	≈ 48 thousand km²
67	Sultanate of Sulu	≈ 48 thousand km²
68	Duchy of Bavaria	≈ 46 thousand km²
69	Dutch Ceylon	≈ 44 thousand km²
70	Switzerland	≈ 44 thousand km²
71	Oyo Empire	≈ 44 thousand km²
72	New Netherland	≈ 43 thousand km²
73	Aceh Sultanate	≈ 42 thousand km²
74	Papal States	≈ 42 thousand km²
75	Bhutan	≈ 40 thousand km²
76	Sultanate of Banjar	≈ 39 thousand km²
77	Electorate of Saxony	≈ 33 thousand km²
78	Dutch Cape Colony	≈ 29 thousand km²
79	Jambi Sultanate	≈ 28 thousand km²
80	Portuguese Empire	≈ 27 thousand km²
81	Sultan of Perak	≈ 24 thousand km²
82	Itza people	≈ 22 thousand km²
83	Republic of Florence	≈ 20 thousand km²
84	House of Savoy	≈ 19 thousand km²
85	French India	≈ 18 thousand km²
86	Blambangan Kingdom	≈ 16 thousand km²
87	Kingdom of Kartli	≈ 15 thousand km²
88	Thanjavur Maratha kingdom	≈ 15 thousand km²
89	Republic of Genoa	≈ 14 thousand km²
90	Principality of Mingrelia	≈ 13 thousand km²
91	Kedah Sultanate	≈ 13 thousand km²
92	Kingdom of Imereti	≈ 11 thousand km²
93	Tanjungpura Kingdom	≈ 11 thousand km²
94	Bima Sultanate	≈ 10 thousand km²
95	Bali	≈ 7,719 km²
96	Kutai	≈ 6,766 km²
97	Sultanate of Sambas	≈ 5,844 km²
98	Principality of Abkhazia	≈ 5,829 km²
99	Dutch Gold Coast	≈ 4,825 km²
100	Principality of Guria	≈ 4,659 km²
101	Mạc dynasty	≈ 3,661 km²
102	Mempawah Kingdom	≈ 2,937 km²
103	Comtat Venaissin	≈ 2,319 km²
104	Sultan	≈ 1,983 km²
105	Republic of Ragusa	≈ 1,540 km²
106	Danish Gold Coast	≈ 976 km²
107	Kathmandu	≈ 661 km²
108	Saadi Sultanate	≈ 653 km²
109	Sultanate of Maguindanao	≈ 373 km²
110	County of Urgell	≈ 309 km²
111	Monaco	≈ 164 km²

Map of this frame (only countries over 400,000 km², simplified)

Countries that disappeared in this frame (2)

Maratha Empire · Patani Kingdom

Directions of expansion (2)

These are cases where one country’s land grew into another country’s former land (not actual routes of advance).

Tsardom of Russia → former land of Golden Horde, ≈ 219 thousand km²
Qing dynasty → former land of Tsardom of Russia, ≈ 124 thousand km²

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