World map in AD 1516 — territory by country

Frame AD 1516 — world borders from AD 1516 to AD 1518. 123 countries have territory in this frame, and the largest is Mongol khanate (≈ 4.94 million km²).

Countries with territory in this frame (123, largest first)

Rank	Country	Area
1	Mongol khanate	≈ 4.94 million km²
2	Ming dynasty	≈ 3.74 million km²
3	Khanate of Sibir	≈ 2.82 million km²
4	Safavid dynasty	≈ 2.77 million km²
5	Grand Principality of Moscow	≈ 2.40 million km²
6	Inca Empire	≈ 2.10 million km²
7	Mamluk Sultanate	≈ 1.85 million km²
8	Kazakh Khanate	≈ 1.74 million km²
9	Tibet	≈ 1.55 million km²
10	Moghulistan	≈ 1.37 million km²
11	Ottoman Empire	≈ 1.06 million km²
12	Kalmar Union	≈ 830 thousand km²
13	Jagiellonian dynasty	≈ 766 thousand km²
14	Khanate of Bukhara	≈ 712 thousand km²
15	Nogai Horde	≈ 705 thousand km²
16	Spain	≈ 690 thousand km²
17	Funj Sultanate	≈ 630 thousand km²
18	Songhai Empire	≈ 629 thousand km²
19	Vijayanagara Empire	≈ 536 thousand km²
20	Sweden	≈ 456 thousand km²
21	Lodi dynasty	≈ 442 thousand km²
22	Ayutthaya Kingdom	≈ 404 thousand km²
23	Kingdom of France	≈ 393 thousand km²
24	Ethiopian Empire	≈ 392 thousand km²
25	Wattasid dynasty	≈ 380 thousand km²
26	Lan Xang	≈ 375 thousand km²
27	Bengal Sultanate	≈ 346 thousand km²
28	Mali Empire	≈ 346 thousand km²
29	Kingdom of Hungary	≈ 338 thousand km²
30	Holy Roman Empire	≈ 334 thousand km²
31	Sengoku period	≈ 322 thousand km²
32	Khmer Empire	≈ 287 thousand km²
33	Shan States	≈ 274 thousand km²
34	Spanish Empire	≈ 257 thousand km²
35	Makuria	≈ 241 thousand km²
36	Joseon	≈ 235 thousand km²
37	Sultanate of Brunei (1368–1888)	≈ 231 thousand km²
38	Malacca Sultanate	≈ 230 thousand km²
39	Hafsid dynasty	≈ 222 thousand km²
40	Aztec Empire	≈ 212 thousand km²
41	Kanem–Bornu Empire	≈ 201 thousand km²
42	Lê dynasty	≈ 190 thousand km²
43	Maya civilization	≈ 188 thousand km²
44	Timurid Empire	≈ 181 thousand km²
45	Khanate of Kazan	≈ 173 thousand km²
46	Kingdom of England	≈ 166 thousand km²
47	Astrakhan Khanate	≈ 163 thousand km²
48	Kashmir Sultanate	≈ 152 thousand km²
49	Adal Sultanate	≈ 149 thousand km²
50	Crimean Khanate	≈ 137 thousand km²
51	Portuguese Empire	≈ 133 thousand km²
52	Kingdom of Kongo	≈ 132 thousand km²
53	Kingdom of Bohemia	≈ 129 thousand km²
54	Zayyanid dynasty	≈ 124 thousand km²
55	Samma dynasty	≈ 123 thousand km²
56	Livonian language	≈ 116 thousand km²
57	Kingdom of Ava	≈ 114 thousand km²
58	Bijapur Sultanate	≈ 114 thousand km²
59	Habsburg monarchy	≈ 104 thousand km²
60	Kingdom of Portugal	≈ 104 thousand km²
61	Kingdom of Scotland	≈ 89 thousand km²
62	Khanate of Khiva	≈ 87 thousand km²
63	Majapahit	≈ 86 thousand km²
64	Kingdom of Mrauk U	≈ 84 thousand km²
65	Moldavia	≈ 82 thousand km²
66	Berar Sultanate	≈ 80 thousand km²
67	Hanthawaddy kingdom	≈ 78 thousand km²
68	Palembang Sultanate	≈ 76 thousand km²
69	Wallachia	≈ 74 thousand km²
70	Ahmadnagar Sultanate	≈ 74 thousand km²
71	Michoacán	≈ 74 thousand km²
72	Haudenosaunee	≈ 72 thousand km²
73	Al-Ahsa Oasis	≈ 70 thousand km²
74	Republic of Venice	≈ 64 thousand km²
75	Bidar Sultanate	≈ 64 thousand km²
76	First Toungoo Empire	≈ 59 thousand km²
77	Sunda Kingdom	≈ 54 thousand km²
78	Lanna Kingdom	≈ 53 thousand km²
79	Portuguese Ceylon	≈ 50 thousand km²
80	Shirvan	≈ 48 thousand km²
81	House of Bourbon	≈ 43 thousand km²
82	Margraviate of Brandenburg	≈ 42 thousand km²
83	Papal States	≈ 41 thousand km²
84	Teutonic Order	≈ 39 thousand km²
85	Switzerland	≈ 38 thousand km²
86	County of Savoy	≈ 36 thousand km²
87	Portuguese Africa	≈ 35 thousand km²
88	Duchy of Bavaria	≈ 35 thousand km²
89	Electorate of Saxony	≈ 34 thousand km²
90	County of Foix	≈ 31 thousand km²
91	Kingdom of Kartli	≈ 28 thousand km²
92	Republic of Genoa	≈ 26 thousand km²
93	Qasim Khanate	≈ 25 thousand km²
94	Kingdom of Kakheti	≈ 23 thousand km²
95	Prome kingdom	≈ 19 thousand km²
96	Duchy of Lorraine	≈ 17 thousand km²
97	Ryazan	≈ 17 thousand km²
98	Electorate of Trier	≈ 17 thousand km²
99	County of Nevers	≈ 14 thousand km²
100	Principality of Mingrelia	≈ 13 thousand km²
101	Kedah Sultanate	≈ 13 thousand km²
102	Republic of Florence	≈ 12 thousand km²
103	Jaffna kingdom	≈ 12 thousand km²
104	Kingdom of Imereti	≈ 11 thousand km²
105	Aceh Sultanate	≈ 8,991 km²
106	Samudera Pasai Sultanate	≈ 8,216 km²
107	Champa	≈ 8,027 km²
108	Sultanate of Cirebon	≈ 7,967 km²
109	Demak Sultanate	≈ 7,452 km²
110	Cebu (historical polity)	≈ 6,669 km²
111	Principality of Abkhazia	≈ 6,066 km²
112	Tondo (historical polity)	≈ 4,840 km²
113	Principality of Guria	≈ 4,659 km²
114	Ryukyu Kingdom	≈ 2,617 km²
115	Sultanate of Gowa	≈ 2,613 km²
116	Comtat Venaissin	≈ 2,319 km²
117	Sultan	≈ 2,155 km²
118	Republic of Ragusa	≈ 1,540 km²
119	Namayan	≈ 1,043 km²
120	Ashikaga shogunate	≈ 979 km²
121	Kathmandu	≈ 661 km²
122	County of Urgell	≈ 309 km²
123	Principality of Orange	≈ 141 km²

Map of this frame (only countries over 400,000 km², simplified)

New countries in this frame (5)

Spanish Empire · Spain · Khanate of Bukhara · Habsburg monarchy · Aceh Sultanate

Countries that disappeared in this frame (6)

House of Habsburg · Crown of Castile · Tahirid dynasty · Crown of Aragon · Beylik of Dulkadir · Ramadanid Emirate

Directions of expansion (2)

These are cases where one country’s land grew into another country’s former land (not actual routes of advance).

Mongol khanate → former land of Ming dynasty, ≈ 386 thousand km²
Mamluk Sultanate → former land of Tahirid dynasty, ≈ 375 thousand km²

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